Rabbit polyclonal antibody

Antigen/Purification: ExpandCollapse

The antigen is a synthetic phospho-peptide surrounding the phospho Ser⁹⁴ of human AR.

The antibody is  prepared from pooled rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho- and dephospho-peptide affinity columns

Biological Significance: ExpandCollapse

The androgen receptor (AR) is a DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates genes critical for the development and maintenance of the male sexual phenotype. Defects in androgen receptor have been shown to play a role in prostate cancer, and inhibition of AR activity through modulation of signal transduction pathways may delay prostate cancer progression (Heinlein and Chang 2004). Multiple phosphorylation sites have been identified on the androgen receptor that affect cross-talk between growth factor signaling and androgen in prostate development and cancer (Gioeli et al., 2002). One of these sites, at Ser⁹⁴, appears constitutively phosphorylated and exhibits no response to treatments with stimulating hormone (Gioeli et al., 2002). The site at Ser⁹⁴ is unique among the AR phosphorylation sites in that it does not achieve a maximal level of phosphorylation between translation and the initial round of nuclear import, having a strong bias for androgen-independent phosphorylation in the cytoplasm (Kesler et al., 2007).

Storage

100 µl in 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg per ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Adequate amount of material to conduct 10-mini Western Blots.

For long term storage –20° C is recommended. Stable at –20° C for at least 1 year.

General References

Heinlein C, Chang C. (2004) Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer. Endocrine Reviews. 25(2):276-308

Gioeli D, Ficarro S, Kwiek J, Aaronson D, Hancock M, Catling A, White F, Christian R, Settlage R, Shabanowitz J, Hunt D, Weber M. (2002) Androgen Receptor Phosphorylation, Regulation and Indentification of the Phosphorylation Sites. J Biol Chem. 277(32):29304-29314

Kesler C, Gioeli D, Conaway M, Weber M, Paschal B. (2007) Subcellular Localization Modulates Activation Function 1 Domain Phosphorylation in the Androgen Receptor. Molecular Endocrinology. 21(9):2071-2084